American History Imigration And Discrimination In The 1920s Beginning

American History Imigration and Discrimination in the 1920's Beginning in the early nineteenth century there were massive waves of immigration. These "new" immigants were largely from Italy, Russia, and Ireland. There was a mixed reaction to these incomming foreigners. While they provided industries with a cheap source of labor, Americans were both afraid of, and hostile towards these new groups. They differed from the "typical American" in language, customs, and religion. Many individuals and industries alike played upon America's fears of immigration to further their own goals. Leuchtenburg follows this common theme from the beginning of World War I up untill the election of 1928. If there was one man who singlely used America's fear of immigrants to advance his own political goals it was Attorney General Palmer. The rise of Communism in Russia created a fear of its spread across Europe, and to America. Palmer tied this fear to that of immigration. He denounced labor union s, the Socialist party, and the Communist party in America, as being infultrated with radicals who sought to overturn America's political, economic, and social institutions. Palmer exasperated this fear in Americans and then presented himself as the country's savior, combatting the evils of Communism. He mainly centered his attack on Russian immigrants. During the infamous Palmer raids thousands of aliens were deported and even more were arrested on little or no evidence. Their civil liberties were violated, they were not told the reasons for their arrests, denied counsel, and not given fair trials. What followed was an investigation of Palmer led by Louis Post which overturned many of Palmer's actions. Palmer's cretability was shattered after in a last minute attempt to gain the 1920 presidencial nomination, he made predictions about a May Day radical uprising, the nation perpared itself, but on May 1st 1920 all was peaceful. While the raids had stopped, the hostilities towards imm agrants still remained prevelent. Immigrants were used by organized industries as a source of cheap labor. But as labor unions began to form and push for better pay, shorter hours, and improved working conditions industries saw that it was not as easy to exploit these immigrants as it had been before. Like Palmer, they tied the American's hostilities towards immigrants to the newly emerging fear of radicalism. When workers struck, industry leaders turned public opinion agains them by labling the strikes as attemps at radical uprising. As a result, workers were often left with no other choice than to accept the terms of industry management. The fight for prohabition was aided by America's antagonism for immigrants. Protestants and "old-stock" Americans attempted to link alchol with Catholic-Irish and Italian immigrants. They were viewed as immoral and corrupt for their vice. Prohabition was a means of counterattacking the evils of the urban cities and their immigrant dweller s. In addition, the rise of the KKK was a direct result of the hostilities harbored towards the immigrant population. Started by native born, white, Protestants, the KKK was afraid of "the encroachment of foreigners," expecially those who answered to a foreign Pope as their religious authority. Playing upon these fears, the KKK gained support and was it's members were able to politically control parts of Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas, and much of Indiana.

Maintaining and Repairing Relationships

Maintaining and Repairing Relationships Introduction: The need to belong Human beings, regardless of their location, have a need to belong. The sense and need for belonging may be satisfied within the context of family, friends, work colleagues, or in an interpersonal relationship with a member of the opposite sex. To satisfy this sense of belonging, an individual has to develop a relationship with the above-mentioned entities.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Maintaining and Repairing Relationships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The subsequent relationship so developed has to be maintained and nurtured in a manner that satisfies all the parties involved in the relationship. A relationship that satisfies an individual’s need for belonging boosts the self-esteem and general sense of motivation of the individual. For instance, an individual who has a strong and positive family relationship with his or her siblings and parents tends to be con fident, outgoing, and has a positive outlook on life. Similarly, many studies suggest that people in committed long-term relationships with persons of the opposite sex, for instance within the context of marriage, are generally more motivated, and have a higher self-esteem (Alea Vick, 2010, p.735). There are also immense benefits of having the support of friends and colleagues during difficult and trying times in one’s life. Therefore, the different types of positive relationships in a person’s life are important for the overall well-being of the particular person. The influence of Culture/Society Besides family relationships, a relationship that eventually leads to marriage is the second most important relationship of an individual’s life. Many societies and cultures around the world encourage such relationships, with some limitations on the extent to which such relationships can flourish before marriage. Therefore, an individual’s ability to develop, m aintain, and repair such an intimate relationship once it is established is an important factor in ensuring the overall stability and perpetuation of the larger society and culture. The development of intimate relationships: Attraction Initial attraction between two individuals forms the basis of many heterosexual relationships. This attraction can be at the physical or intellectual level. The initial attraction leads to subsequent and frequent interaction where the two individuals attempt to know each other better. If successful, the individuals begin to court or ‘date’ each other, and an exclusive heterosexual relationship is soon established. The courtship phase of a relationship may very well be the most important phase because, at this stage, the involved parties learn as much as possible about each other, and determine the long-term viability of their relationship.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The future of such a relationship depends on the couple’s ability to overcome the challenges of understanding and maintaining an interest in each other at the courtship phase. Therefore, maintaining and repairing an intimate relationship, such as one between two members of the opposite sex, starts at the courtship level. Maintaining Relationships Once a relationship is established, the most important aspect is maintaining it, ‘keeping it alive’. While courtship may be one of the best phases of a relationship for the two individuals due to the sheer excitement of falling in love, the phase could make or break the relationship. A courting couple can maintain a healthy intimate relationship in several ways. One of the most important aspects of maintaining a relationship is openness and honesty. Through honesty, a couple develops trust: one of the most important qualities in a relationship. Honesty applies in many o ther relationships as well; for instance, in family relations. Honest children earn the trust of their parents and are thus able to form strong bonds with their parents. Similarly, an open and honest employee quickly earns the trust of his or her organization’s leadership, and such an employee is most likely to be promoted. Therefore, openness and honesty builds trust in relationships. Patience and forbearance are also other aspects that buttress relationships. The process of getting to know one another during courtship requires patience (Pruitt McCollum, 2010, p.140). At this stage, it is always advisable to give one’s romantic interest some freeway to act and be him/herself. Any irritating and negative traits and characteristics that may emerge at this point should be handled with patience and forbearance. Many relationships that turn out successful involve a lot of selfless love and sacrifices from the involved partners. As the relationship progresses, and the part ners involved desire it, marriage is usually the next logical step of such a relationship. Although the rudimentary elements that comprise a successful courtship can be transferred into marriage, the context of marriage offers a stronger challenge of maintaining the relationship between a husband and wife. Maintaining a healthy relationship in marriage includes the satisfaction of the couple’s intimacy and sexual needs. Many people enter into marriage for companionship (Seiffge-Krenke, 2003, p.519), and thus one of the most important factors that the partners in a marriage should consider is the intimacy needs of the other partner.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Maintaining and Repairing Relationships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A healthy marital relationship, thus, simply builds on the foundation set during courtship. The plans of both partners concerning career choices, starting a family, and the financial plans of the couple need to be discussed openly. Through trust and honesty, the couple can maintain a healthy marital relationship that is founded on sacrifice and a sense of trust. Once established, all relationships progress in a manner that the parties involved deem fit. In a family, the parents determine to raise their children according to their desires provided these wishes are within the laws of the land. For instance, while many parents take their children to public and private schools, others may opt to school their children at home. The parents also determine the religion, sports activities, and sometimes career choices that their children make. Similarly, two or more close friends usually strive to undertake their activities, hobbies and even school and careers together or in consultation amongst themselves. Friends counsel and guide each other. A married couple also makes major decisions concerning their lives together. The need to make choices within a re lationship is always present. Therefore, in all kinds of relationships, the demand to make choices creates an avenue for potential conflict, and possibly a break up of the particular relationship. For instance, a child may disagree with his or her parent’s choice of career for him or her; friends may disagree over lifestyle choices by one of them, and a married couple may have different ideas on investment and plans for the future. Such disagreements, if unresolved, may eventually lead to a break up of the relationship: parents and their children become estranged, friends end their friendship, and a married couple may separate or divorce. All these instances indicate broken relationships that require restoration or repair. Repairing Relationships As stated earlier, making choices and disagreements over plans for the future by persons involved in a relationship provides a fertile ground for break up of relationships. Once a relationship is broken, the involved parties experien ce a sense of loss and may even undergo a depression, especially if the persons involved in the relationship were close, or intimate in the case of a heterosexual couple or a married couple. In the case of a broken family relationship involving siblings, or a child and his or her parents, the relationship might be repaired by having the interests of the child considered. Many times, parents may want to control the destiny of their children, but such practice is counter-productive and only produces resentment in the children. The son or daughter should be allowed to chart his or her own course in life, and the role of the parents should be that of offering encouragement and moral support. There are many instances where parents attempt to have their children fulfill dreams that they were unable to fulfill in their younger years. On the other hand, mutual friends who separate because of lifestyle choices by one party should attempt to re-evaluate their relationship; a compromise is alw ays possible. The restoration of such a friendship usually involves a lot of soul searching and reflection by the friends.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion In conclusion, couples involved in a relationship, especially within a marriage, usually undergo a lot of suffering when they separate over disagreements, infidelity, and other such reasons (Sbarra Emery, 2005, p.230). As stated earlier, the foundation set during courtship should offer a base for compromise. If genuine affection and love exists between the partners, then a solution can always be found. The couple can consult marriage counselors to try to restore their marriage; one or both of the partners may have to change an attitude of trait. Moreover, if the couple is religious, it may seek their religious leaders for guidance and restoration of their relationship (Langmead, 2008, p.7). All broken relationships are worthy of an attempt at restoration. References Alea, N., Vick, S. C. (2010). The first sight of love: Relationship-defining memories and marital satisfaction across adulthood. Memory, 18(7), 730-742. Langmead, R. (2008). Transformed Relationships: Reconc iliation as the Central Model for Mission. Mission Studies: Journal of the International Association for Mission  Studies, 25(1), 5-20. Pruitt, I. T., McCollum, E. E. (2010). Voices of Experienced Meditators: The Impact of Meditation Practice on Intimate Relationships. Contemporary Family Therapy: An International Journal, 32(2), 135-154. Sbarra, D. A., Emery, R. E. (2005). The emotional sequelae of nonmarital relationship dissolution: Analysis of change and intraindividual variability over time. Personal Relationships, 12(2), 213-232. Seiffge-Krenke, I. (2003). Testing theories of romantic development from adolescence to young adulthood: Evidence of a developmental sequence. International  Journal of Behavioral Development, 27(6), 519.

Barclays bank report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Barclays bank report - Essay Example Free trade policies and international business alliances have further encouraged the process of internationalization (Howes and Tah, 2003, p.35). Large scale and medium scale companies have started to expand their market boundaries in the overseas markets. With expansion of the business activities in the world market, the importance of the financial services on the global platform has become a necessary requirement. Moreover, the developing economic condition of target consumers has multiplied the business opportunities. Madura has described that business organizations who have successfully identified the new opportunities in the global market, are â€Å"capitalizing on global economic condition† (Madura, 2006 p.83). This paper will attempt to present an evaluation of the Barclays bank, a popular UK-based multinational bank for its Indian market. The primary focus of this paper is to analyze that how good the strategies of Barclays fits with the India business environmental an d Indian banking. In order to cater these objectives, an extensive situational analysis and strategies analysis will be conducted for the Barclays in India using multiple relevant strategic models and tools. 2. Analysis of environment 2.1. PESTLE In order to identify the external environment i.e. macro-economic factors, PESTLE model is an effective tool. It analyses six major factors relating to macro economic factors i.e. political, economic, socio-culture, technological, legal and environmental (Capon, 2009, p.40). For catering the stated objectives it is necessary to understand the macro-environment conditions of Indian market which has been explained below. The stable and favorable political system of Indian economy is one of the most important factors which attract many MNCs for making FDIs in this country. The government took very necessary initiatives to bring necessary reforms in its banking sectors. After the allowing the privatizing the banks, the number of private banks b etween 1969 and 1980 grow rapidly (Banerjee, Cole and Duflo, 2006). Such initiatives have caused to increase the competition by maturing the banking sectors. The appreciating economic condition of Indian economy is another major factor for better opportunities and competitions. Some of the major economic indicators of Indian economy are given below. Table 1: Key Economic Indicators (Source: CIA, 2011) As per the above figure, the Indian economy is rising at higher rate in spite of the global down turn of 2008. India has become a favorite market for many players and hence, many international banks like HSBC, RBS, and Bank of America etc have already entered. Moreover, McKinsey&Company ha reported that Indians’ disposable income is expected to rise by 25% from 22% by 2025 which will enhance the overall saving indicating better opportunities for the banks in India (Narayanswamy and Zainulbhai, 2007). Social structure of the India is also reshaping as consumers awareness among In dian is raising. India’s 1.17 billion populations is said to have higher availability of customers and clients (U.S. Department of State, 2010). The Reserve Bank of India is the chief regulatory body responsible for regulating the banking sectors. The use of information technology in Indian banking sectors have been raised significantly and the Banks in India is constantly increasing their

Modern japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Modern japan - Essay Example One of the greatest contributions of translation was based on the fact that it ensured that Japan ended up having a large number of technicians and skilled workers who were instrumental in ensuring that the country was industrialised. These individuals were highly educated in their skills through the translated works of European and North American industry and it is these works that were taught at the local institutions of education; making it possible for Japanese workers to gain the skills necessary for them to carry out the activities that brought about industrialisation. Furthermore, the leaders of the country, many of whom were the drivers of industrialisation, were former students at the Tokyo Imperial University, among whose specialty was the translation of western works and adapting them to Japanese. It was through the effort to translate Western works that Japan was able to develop a modern system of education that was necessary in the overall modernisation of the country. This new form of education encouraged virtues among students that ensured that there were less divisions within society based on class. It is through the use of translated works that the people of Japan, who had essentially gone through the same system of education, irrespective of social status or background, shared common ideas as well as creating an environment that was conducive enough for nationalism to develop.1 Under these circumstances, the society came to encounter less friction based on class and instead there was a renewed focus on how to achieve greater national success. Therefore, the country was able to leave behind the petty clan feuds that had plagued it for centuries and to develop itself into a modern, self-sufficient state. In a bid to ensure that it was able to modernise itself and develop into an industrial power, Japan sent some of its students

Imaginary Dystopic World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Imaginary Dystopic World - Essay Example Love is not possible without every member of society being guided to be free (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldstein%27s_book). In this world full of love, technology plays a very significant love. The Twenty-first Century Bible is the cornerstone of our modern continental society where everyone is led and guided to be free for mutual love through the nonviolent nuclear observation channels of communication, entertainment, prosperity and democracy. This Bible is an ingenious creation of the Best Vanguard of the People made to be creative by the never-governing Leader known as Hero (Davison, 7-81). 7. Marriage, 8. Foreign Policy, 9. Thinking, 10. Crime, 11. Nonviolence, 12. Development, 13. Defence, 14. Morals, 15. Peace. These are the Fifteen Commandments. Everyone is free to read these regularly for 24 hours everyday. When people are at work, then they must freely meditate on these Commandments without fail. Their freedom is possible only through its constant reading and meditation. The world is so developed under The Twenty-first Century Bible that a world without war has come up. Here citizens are all the while busy countering one another. They are also getting ample oppoirtunities for cultural entertainment. Here, Nature, food, rest and love are highly mechanised. Entertainment and Technology: Environment is very clean for even cockroaches

The Background Of Glaxosmithkline

The Background Of Glaxosmithkline GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is amongst the top 20 FT Global 500 companies and among the top 5 pharmaceutical companies in the world. GSK develops, produces and promotes in two industry sectors: Pharmaceuticals and Consumer Healthcare. The company, through its Pharmaceuticals segment, focuses on provides prescription pharmaceuticals and vaccines. Its Consumer Healthcare segment provides OTC medicines, Oral healthcare and Nutritional healthcare (Datamonitor, 2005). The company mainly operates in 120 countries and its promotion is done in over 150 countries. Its headquarter is in Brentford, UK and employees are 99,913 as of December 31, 2009. GSKs history goes as far back as 1859 when Beecham opened the worlds first factory built solely for making medicines at St Helens in England. Since that time the group has passed through many phases, but the turning point came during the merger of Glaxo Welcome and SmithKline Beecham in 2000, it had also seen a merger of Glaxo and Welcome in 1995 (Glaxo, 1998). There was a main impact on the society, structure, stakeholders and policy of the company due to this combination. The company recorded revenues of  £28,368 million ($44,422.3 million-) during the financial year (FY) ended December 2009, an increase of 16.5% over FY2008. The operating profit of the company was  £8,425 million ($13,193 million-) during FY2009, an increase of 18% over FY2008. The net profit was  £5,669 million ($8,877.3 million-) in FY2009, an increase of 20.3% over FY2008. Calculated using the constant conversion rate of  £1 = $1.56593 for the year ended December 31, 2009. (Source: http://www.researchandmarkets.com) Improvement is at the spirit of GSKs aims and the company promotes this through its exceptional culture. The objective of the company as described by its Annual Report 2009 is to become the undisputable leader in the pharmaceutical and consumer health industry (Glaxo, 2009). The strategies of GSK is to paying attention the business around the deliverance of three strategies priorities-Grow a diversified universal business- Broadening and matching their portfol io, diversifying into latest products areas and capturing chances that exist outside their recognized geographic footprint. Distribute more products of value- Transforming R D to make sure they not only deliver the urgent pipeline but are also capable to uphold the stream of products for days to come. Simplifying the working model- to make sure that is well for purpose and capable to maintain their business in the most cost efficient manner. (http://www.gsk.co.uk) 02. Changes are being affected by the Economy Strategic development effects the company in different ways. To evaluate atmosphere of any organization we have to understand the connection with different problems and matter with one another and the outcome of that particular areas. It includes the characteristic those are political (taxason policy, foreign trade regulation, government stability), economical (unemployment, disposable income), social (life style change, level of education), technological (government spending on research, speed of technology transfer), environmental (companys responsibility to society) and legislative (code of practice, access to raw materials) factors. There has been extensive research into the possible impact of freedom of global trade by World Trade Organization (WTO). for China. In 2005 China announced the ending of some of the remain quota systems existing on different segments. This has assist the process of globalization in support of moral drug manufacturers like GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and also opened up a marketplace of 1.29 billion inhabitants. It has been estimated that in 2004 the global pharmaceutical market was worth  £ 275 billion, with projections showing an annual global sales growth of 6% over the following five years (Datamonitor, 2005). Illustration upon Pollack (2005), it can be stated that the majority of the sales in the industry originate from the Triad countries i.e. US, EU and Japan. The strength of economy is a vital power on the level of flexible buying and how greatly is spent on requirement purchases. The following graph and the table of figures have been made with the help of data taken from ONS (2005 ). The UK industry cycle (HM Treasury, 2005) shows that the existing cycle in progress in the early 1999; pointed in 2001 and afterward saw its lowest point in 2003. This is excellent news for all the businesses in UK as these cycles have fewer impact on them now than before. The illustration of the UK business cycle adopted from HM Treasury Report 2005 is provided as follows: National Health Service (NHS) has expected that healthcare expenditure growth will continue fairly stable till 2014, growing at the price of 7% every year (NHS, 2005). This chart growth in the healthcare spending can be seen has a chance for ethical drug manufacturers like GSK. The existence of price control has limited the revenues that the research-based companies can make from their patented products. There are stringent government regulations that govern the entry to pharmaceutical industry. (Debra Sivakumar, 2004). Thus it can be fulfilled that the rising costs, stringent laws, increasing basic competition and declining innovation are the main reasons for the post merger combination changes in the RD division by the administration of GSK. 03.An Evaluation of the Strengths and Weaknesses of the GlaxoSmithKline Every organization has their Strengths and Weaknesses. After an analysis of GlaxoSmithKline the following strengths and weaknesses has find out. Strengths The major strength of GlaxoSmithKline is its well-built RD development with a broad therapeutic exposure and its Marketing power in key geographical and therapeutic areas. The company is extreme less incorporated than the other big business that which makes them additional flexible compared to others. It has a big business structure. GSK drive its business not only in UK but in many countries all over the world. It has accessible Patent security for a number of years on key products. Quality management team and large highly skilled work force increased the companys status. Its Revenues up 8.5% since 2005 and Profits up 13.3% since 2005. Sound investment made the company worldwide positioned 2 in the pharmaceutical manufacturing. Plans to offer 25 new drugs in next 2 years might be the strengths. Weaknesses GlaxoSmithKline is an industry leader. Although their products are renowned, GSK is not a well known brand name. Public reflection in US is reduced after efforts to limit re-sale of drugs from Canada to US. High debt to equity share is their weakness thats raising cost of sales. Hammering of 11 products in period II testing. Internet sales from Canada to US decrease sales straight to US. The company has low market domination. Irregularity of attractive promotions is another weakness of GSK. The company is highly depending on only some selected products. For the main focus on UK marketplace losing opportunities. In the final stages of progress the company has discontinuation of some products. Their Co-marketing agreement can decrease GSKs worldwide presence. Enlarged size and operational difficulty makes GSK a less responsive company. (Source: http://www.allfreeessays.com) 04. Comparison of the alternatives form of Organization Development The merger of 2000 can be seen as the proper use of sigmoid curve (Handy, 1994), as the company started a new curve before the first one declined. Both the companies had the time, capital and power to get the next curve through its early struggle before the first curve declines. But it was the practice and management potential of both the companies that direct them through a winning change management plan. This combination can be shown as follows: Considering these outside stimulus the CEO of the company Jean-Pierre Garnier tried to reconcile the concepts of being big and think small by dividing the RD department into seven centers of excellence for drug discovery (hereafter CEDD) (Financial Times: April 2, 2001). The change can be categorizing as planned map and can be represented on the following diagram: The change condition of the RD division through the post-integration era at GSK can be seen as transformational as it accomplish the five main indicators of transforming alteration given by Ashburner et al. (1996: p. 6). The declared change influenced the culture existing at the sector, changed the relations of operations and RD division, created new leaders inside each CEDDs, changed functions of individuals teams. Moreover, in this change the managing role was positive therefore GSK being the core of RD can be seen as in the designed transformational phase, during the post integration stage of the combination. The varieties of change Model has illustrated below: Figure: Varieties of change Barnard Burns, Managing Change, 5th edition,2009 The culture of repeated align little improvement and consistency defer large results in the structure of compound efficiency improvement. Kaizen method includes building changes and monitoring results, then regulating. Large- scale pre-planning and widespread project developments are replaced by less significant experiments, which can be rapidly modified as new improvements. Stable method may be enhanced by applying a kaizen continuous development program. A remarkable step-change in performance may be achieved by radical re-engineering of the GlaxoSmithKline. Figure: Approaches to Change: Barnard Burns, Managing Change, 5th edition,2009 Changing the behavior of even one individual, that is discontinuing discarded behaviors and /or initiating latest behaviors is a challenge. But large-scale transformation is something else overall. Openly recognizing the step a process has reached in the life cycle offer guidance for practitioners successfully to direct and handle a program of performance development. Hence, in todays universal and dynamic environment patent with hyper-competitive and unstable markets it is widely accepted that an organizations capacity to manage change rapidly, effectively and positively is a important driver of organizational success. 05. Stakeholders Analysis in the Change of GSK Stakeholders are people or organizations who either place to be affected by the project or could make or break the projects winner. They may be winners or loosers, included or excluded from decision-making, users of results, participants in the development. Stakeholders analysis is the identification of a projects key stakeholders a assessment of their interests in the project and the ways in which these interests may affect a project. In order to identify the problem and thus make a sense of importance a stakeholder mapping had done by the industry. The company defined the core and peripheral stakeholders for this change and grouped them together to create a strategy for each group. The diagram explains the company identified the possible impacts on each of its stakeholders and devised a policy to undertake these impacts efficiently that the first step showed scientists and shareholders to be the core in this transform. To make a list of approaching forces (Lewis, 1951), the stakeholders and the impacts measured by the company can be summarized by the following table: In addition, the association of GSK with its key stakeholders was used to prove the plan that was adopted for every set of stakeholders. This has summarized by Power/ Interest Grid for stakeholder prioritization. The intend of each strategy can be seen in this depiction: Hence the company used a comprehensible and mutual vision that acted as a compass that afford ongoing track to the transform journey. Depiction upon Chorn (2004) the vision needs to be clear and widely shared throughout the organization. The mission statement of GlaxoSmithKline according to its most recent annual report is to become the undisputable leader in the pharmaceutical and consumer health industry (Glaxo, 2009). This statement truly captures the strength and intentions of the company. But critics recommend that the mission statements generally are not useful in mobilizing force for the change. 06. An Investigation and Evaluation of the Proposed Change in GSK There are no simple solutions to the challenge to provide sustainable entrance to healthcare in developing countries. GSK are committed to live a full part in addressing the healthcare challenges of the developing world by taking a pioneering, liable and sustainable approach. GSK is playing a essential role to developing country healthcare by action in different areas including: superior pricing of our anti-retrovirals and anti-malarials; tiered pricing of our vaccines; investing in RD that aims diseases mainly affecting the developing world; community investment movements and partnerships that promote effective; and seeking innovative partnerships and solutions. We cover our contribution to improving access to medicines extensively in our Corporate Responsibility Report. We were a clear leader in the first Access to Medicines (ATM Foundation in 2008). In February 2009, they announced a sequence of commitments for the UN named list of least developed countries, including a extra flexible approach to scholar property for investigate into ignored diseases, a promise to invest in healthcare infrastructure. A major increase in property from the worldwide community is still needed to maintain RD and to supply access to the follow-on medicines and vaccines. GSK are working to give access to medicines for people with inadequate financial funds and without prescription drug insurance. Leadership style used in each CEDD and the overall leadership style during this change has been under pressure so that it is aligned with enhancing creativity (Financial Times, 2005). The inspiration of the people was extremely low for many changes going on in a very short period of time. Employees first saw the joining of Galxo and Wellcome in 1995 and then of GlaxoSmithKline in 2000. They had a thought that they were being treated like sales division by raising competition within themselves (Financial Times, Oct 24, 2002). This fall in the motivation of the workers can be seen as what is identified as Denial Stage in the Kubler-Ross Transition model. This model with the emotional states of the undergoing staff is illustrated as follows: So according to this curve, GSK needed move toward that allows a soft transition from denial to recognition in a little time frame. GSK also needed to be changed to supply for this new CEDDs based RD division as there might be potential knowledge management matter among the centers and also they had to struggle for their budgeting needs. These issues in the enablers part of the EFQM would guide to the GSKs unhappy employees and consumers that in the long term will plan in weak pipeline which is one of the key performance indicator for GSK. Although the act taken by the administration to create the CEDDs can be seen as an unexpected one, but it took the trail of Organizational Development to establish this change into the culture of the organization. 07. Development and Adaption of appropriate models for the recommended Changes: In order to connect the improvements from this transform, GSK needed to apply the organizational improvement theories to cope the smooth midway period. The change from one RD division to seven independent group oriented CEDDs, can be represented in the following diagram: This structural change can only be possible if it is supported by a cultural change Handy (1993). Thus the business was faced with yet a new difficulty of changing the culture of the department to make the CEDDs work successfully. There are several models that illustrate this intangible attribute of a company on a map. One of the most accepted one is the Gottarna Cultural Map (Handy, 1993 Chorn, 2004). According to this diagram the culture of the organization can be exposed as I (Integration), D (Development), A (Administration) and P (Performance) logics or some arrangement of this. Thus the cultural change at GSK can be presented on the following axis: It shows that prior to the transform in the RD section the existing culture can be seen as a Power Culture and it was extra oriented to the development (D) area. Thus the sector was lacking a competitive atmosphere. The change in the organization of the department can be seen as a planned change in the culture to the performance (P) area that keeps an eye on the contest and uses creativeness and innovation in the limits of realism. This cultural alteration in turn needs a strategic coalition of the external internal players of the area. Strategic alignment for GSK is given below: (Best fit approach (Handy, 1993) The model illustrates the quantification of outside orientation of internal portion that includes leadership, society and plan. The fit among the internal external situation is the key to a constant competitive benefit and adds value for every stakeholders of the business. Although the vital aim of the planned change is on structural feature of the RD division but the impact also be seen on the culture of the division as well. The process of Cultural Change: The challenge was to inspire people and have possibility plans for this cultural transform at GlaxoSmithKlines RD section. The chance is infinite in an institute; the complex part is to decide which interventions are expected to have major impact. The company has adopted a four step procedure to beginning of cultural change. The change process has been a little customized from the force field analysis proposed by (Lewin 1951) to fit the transform situation of GSK. The steps that were undertaken by the group can be illustrates by the following diagram: By these four steps it covers the following points: Ensure that the RD department people know the pressure of transform. Grow and share a clear image about where the company and department is headed. Put in position the person, departmental and managerial capability for change. Have a preparation of action that outlines what has to be completed to get it all started. Lewins Three-Step model Managing Change includes the effectiveness policies and programs to allow those change agents to accomplish the new vision. For the work, I will be choosing Kurt Lewins 3- step model for the change of the organization. Lewin identified the role of habit in our thoughts and actions. Lewins basic change model of unfreezing, changing and refreezing to be a theoretical foundation upon which change theory could be built solidly in GlaxoSmithKline. Figure: Lewins Three-Step model of change Unfreezing (create dissatisfaction): Unfreezing is the basic step into the theory. It is about serving the stakeholders let go or not do things how they have always done. The effects of the driving and restraining forces appear to play at this step. If the restraining is larger than or equivalent to the driving forces there will be no transformation. So GlaxoSmithKline company must aware about their driving force and restraining to be successful of the change in the organization.The driving force must outweigh the restraining force in order for enough motivation to take place; merely introducing a driving force is not enough to cause a shift in the equilibrium of the perceived change (Schein, 1995). Moving (implementation): Moving to a new stage or changing means accurately that it is about changing the old actions with accomplishment that are reliable with the objective. To help retain the inspiration for change of the GSK, functioning in groups or obtaining support is useful. The process of change is not only done physically, it requires mental alterations (Tichey, 1997). Refreezing (Stabilization): This is the last stage in the 3-step model. When the transformation are taking figure and people have hold close the new behavior of functioning the organization is organized to refreeze. GSK needs to make sure that the changes of the company are used all the time and that they are integrated into everyday dealings. GSK can accomplish this step when most of their stakeholders normally take the creative action with no thinking, it turn into the model. The new action must be fitting to behaviors and characteristics of the individual to remain effective or the old action will reemerge (Schein, 1995). 08. Planning of Implementation and Possible Outcomes: GSK has provided clear guidelines for people to create the main first steps. It is obvious from the literature that the effectiveness of the change program depends upon the first steps taken (Andrew, 1995). The change attempts can fail because no one knows where to start Chorn (2004). It is required to break down the idea into its divided parts. SMART: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Rational and Time bound objectives require to be setup. Then list the actions required to carry regarding these objectives must be done. Lastly set performance actions require to be taken care of. The stepwise approaches make sure that objectives are reached in time and the change takes place in a time bound frame. The change of the RD division from a particular unit to seven smaller, independent CEDDs and the cultural change which will accompany it can be seen like people oriented and also as ignoring the job needs. As the group will be working separately and there will be a contest among the teams therefore the position that can establish with over importance on teams can be revealed with John Adairs circles (Handy, 1993) bellow: Hence, in order to remain the team alert on the duty, the equilibrium among team, task and person needs must be catered. This can be completed by having a democratic leadership approach inside all CEDDs. GSK uses European Foundation for Quality Management (Excellence Model) to measure its performance (Simmons, 2003). The model has been used by the companies to measure their performance in different phase of change management. This structure provides a benchmark alongside the best apply not only in the business but also across various industries. The impact of transform on the business and in particular on the RD division is considered to be of competitive benefit for GlaxoSmithKline and can be represented on EFQM by using arrows in the following way: This shows the change method has an outcome on management, people, resources and process that will also impact on the effect of customers and key performance indicators. Conclusion: In order to sum it up, it can be accomplished that the content, framework and process adopted by GSK in the light of external market changes throughout the post merger combination of the corporation can be seen as a good apply in the change managing field. The study shows that the requirements for change projected by the management were desired at that time and the assessment strengthens this argument. The procedure adopted by the business can also be seen like one of the greatest practices to be used for benchmarking in the production because the cultural characteristics were marked and dealt with during the transformation. Therefore in light of the discussion provided with the help of relevant theories the change management at GSK of division of RD department into CEDDs can be used as benchmark for good practice for others in and across the industry. Word Count: 3784

The Role of Chronology in Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper and Faulkners A Rose for Emily :: Yellow Wallpaper essays

The Role of Chronology in Gilman's The Yellow Wallpaper and Faulkner's A Rose for Emily Chronology is the sequence of time as it occurs in events. The chronology of a story is important in order for the reader to understand the work of literature. Many stories, such as "The Yellow Wallpaper" written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, have chronological events that happen in sequence, in order of the time they happened. Other stories, such as "A Rose for Emily" written by William Faulkner, have complicated chronologies. Faulkner uses "a complicatedly disjunctive time scheme that twists chronology almost beyond recognition" (Qtd. in Moore). His story begins with an event happening in the present, regresses to an earlier event, and finally returns to the initial event. This sometimes confuses the reader. Although "The Yellow Wallpaper" and "A Rose for Emily" have different chronologies, each story's chronology affects how the reader is able to understand the work as well as the order in which the events happened. Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper" has a basic and simple chronology that tells a story in an ordered time line. The protagonist Jane, also the narrator, tells the story in present tense, just as it is happening to her. The story is an "account of a woman's gradual decent into madness" (Bak 1). It starts with the narrator telling the reader "it is very seldom that mere ordinary people like John and myself secure ancestral halls for the summer" (Gilman 13). Jane and her husband rent the summerhouse in order for Jane to rest and recover from a slight depression. Jane is isolated in an upstairs nursery in a colonial mansion three miles away from the village (Bak 1). As the story progresses, the reader is able to see what Jane goes through while isolated in the house. The next instance of time that Jane mentions in the story is the passing of the Forth of July (Gilman 17). As time progresses to the end of summer, the reader is able to see how time in the house has cause d Jane's condition to deteriorate. The story ends in a mystery, but the reader is allowed to see how the story unraveled in an ordered chronological time, which makes the story less confusing.

DSC2006 Unofficial Mid-Term Mock Test Essay

DSC2006 Unofficial Mid-Term Mock Test 2010/11 Semester 2 Select the best answer 1. Business organizations consist of three major functions which, ideally: a) support one another b) are mutually exclusive c) exist independently of each other d) function independently of each other e) do not interface with each other 2. Revenue management is concerned with: a) a process designed to determine the best use of funds generated through sales. b) the use of marketing tools to increase revenue. c) the use of accounting tools to monitor cash flow. d) the use of pricing to increase the profit generated from a limited supply of supply chain assets. e) the appropriate use of operational tools to improve operational efficiency with a view to increasing revenue. 3. In order to make differential pricing effective, which of the following issues are to be dealt with? a) The firm must differentiate between the market segments and structure its pricing to make one segment pay more than the other. b) The firm must control demand such that the lower paying segment does not utilize the entire availability of the asset. c) The firm must secure enough capacity to meet demand from each segment. d) The firm should structure pricing according to different market segments and also control demand in such a way that the lower segment does not utilize the entire availability of the asset. e) The firm must secure enough capacity to meet demand of each segment and also control demand in such a way that the lower segment does not utilize the entire availability of the asset. 4. In order to differentiate between different market segments, the firm must: a) negotiate separately with different market segments that value product or service attributes differently. b) create barriers by identifying product or service attributes that the segments value differently. c) develop pricing structures based on the volume of various product or service attributes. d) eliminate barriers that identify product or service attributes that the segments value differently. e) create barriers by identifying product or service attributes that the segments value differently and also negotiate separately with different market segments. 5. Under which of the following condition(s) is the concept of revenue management is applicable? a) Capacity is perishable. b) The same unit of capacity can be used to deliver product or service to different submarkets having their own demand curves with different price elasticity. c) Using appropriate booking rules, a firm can create a fence among the relevant submarkets. d) Capacity is perishable, the same capacity can be used to different submarkets having their own demand curves with different price elasticity and also the firm can create a fence among the relevant submarkets. e) Capacity is perishable and the same capacity can be used to different submarkets having their own demand curves with different price elasticity 6. Throughput time cannot be reduced in a process by: a) Reducing the utilization of bottleneck equipment b) Performing activities using a serial approach c) Changing the sequence of activities d) Reducing interruptions e) All of the above are ways by which throughput time can be reduced 7. According to Little’s Law, which of the following ratios is used to find throughput time? a) Cycle time/Process time b) Throughput time/Process velocity c) Process velocity/Throughput time d) Work-in-Process/Throughput rate e) Value added time/Process velocity 8. A firm can participate in the quantity discount illustrated below when purchasing a product. It costs $20 to place an order each time. The holding cost rate is 20%. The annual demand for the product is 10,000 units. Lead time for the product is 1 month. Quantity 520 Cost $12 $10 $9 What is the minimum total cost that this firm can purchase and inventory this item while facing a quantity discount? a) 90,468 b) 90,853 c) 90,894 d) 100,000 e) 100,894 9. Which of the following determines the capacity of a production line? a) the takt time b) the throughput time c) the theoretical minimum number of work stations d) the efficiency 10. Which of the following types of manufacturing layout is considered a hybrid? a) Process layout b) Product layout c) Fixed-position layout d) Cellular layout 11. Compute the required cycle time for a process that operates 8 hours daily with a required output of 300 units per day. a) 0.625 minutes b) 1.6 minutes c) 37.5 minutes d) 0.027 minutes 12. Which of the following is NOT a mark of a good layout in manufacturing? a) Straight line flow patter (or adaption) b) Predictable production line c) Bottleneck operations d) Work stations close together e) Open plant floors (high visibility) 13. Revenue management is not especially useful where: a) Capacity is relatively fixed b) The market can be fairly clearly segmented c) The service cannot be sold in advance d) The service/product can be stored 14. Which is the correct order for process types starting with low volume/high variety and moving to high volume/low variety? a) Batch processes, project processes, job shop processes, mass processes, continuous processes b) Project processes, batch processes, mass processes, job shop processes, continuous processes c) Project processes, job shop processes, batch processes, mass processes, continuous processes d) Job shop processes, batch processes, mass processes, continuous processes, project processes 15. Which is the correct sequence in order of increasing process flexibility? a) Job shop / batch / project / continuous / product b) Project / job shop/ batch / continuous / product c) Job shop/ batch / project / product / continuous d) Project / job shop/ batch / product / continuous e) Continuous / product / batch / job shop/ project 16. Which of these statements is correct? The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ): a) Is a formula that calculates a realistic purchase price for an item b) Will depend on how many related parts are required in the same period c) Is used to calculate how much safety stock should be carried d) Determines the lowest order quantity by balancing the cost of ordering against the cost of holding stock e) Should be calculated once a year 17. Under the ABC system of inventory priorities a Class A item is: a) The 80% of high-value items that account for around 20% the total stock turnover value b) The 20% of high-value items that account for around 20% the total stock turnover value c) The 20% of high-value items that account for around 80% the total stock turnover value d) The 80% of high-value items that account for around 80% the total stock turnover value 18. The layout where the equipment, machinery, plant and people move as necessary is known as: a) Product layout b) Fixed-position layout c) Cell layout d) Process layout 19. A supermarket is usually positioned as: a) Cell layout b) Process layout c) Fixed-position layout d) Product layout 20. A self-service cafeteria is usually positioned as: a) Cell layout b) Product layout c) Fixed-position layout d) Process layout 21. Which of the following is usually considered a characteristic of a product or line layout? a) This layout can easily handle high volume but low variety b) This layout tends to be very flexible c) Transforming resources are costly to maintain d) This layout can easily handle high variety but low volume e) Transforming resources move to the work 22. A product layout: a) Groups transforming resources into dedicated cells b) Involves locating the transforming resources entirely for the convenience of the transformed resources c) Is appropriate for low volume operations d) Allows a wide variety of products to be manufactured on the same equipment e) Moves resources to the place where the operation is to be carried out 23. Cell layouts typically: a) Locate transforming resources entirely for the convenience of the transformed resources b) Cost more to run than other types of process layout c) Involve all the operations on a product being located adjacent to each other d) Are dominated by the transforming resources e) Are the most efficient form of process layout 24. Which of the following is the least likely decision to be made by Operations Managers? a) Designing and improving the jobs of the workforce b) Selecting the location and layout of a facility c) How much capacity is required to balance demand d) How to use quality techniques to reduce waste e) Deciding which market areas to manufacture products for 25. Which of the following would not normally be considered a general characteristic of a service? a) Many services involve both tangible and intangible outputs b) Production and consumption are simultaneous c) Production and consumption can always be spatially separated d) Low contact services can often be made more efficient than high contact services e) Production and sales cannot easily be separated functionally 26. Which of the following is not usually considered a characteristic of a fixed position layout? a) Fixed position layouts are often used for large or delicate products or services b) Transforming resources are grouped in cells c) The recipient of the process or the work being undertaken remain in the same place d) Fixed position layouts are able to offer high flexibility e) Transforming resources often move to the work 27. Operations management is: a) decision making involving the design, planning, and control of the processes that produce goods and services. b) decision making involving accounting, engineering, marketing, and strategy formulation that affect operations. c) decision making involving operations productivity and the reliability, durability, and manufacturability of products. d) decision making involving analyzing the competitive environment, appraising the organizations skills and resources, and examining the limitations of economics and technology on operations. 28. Inputs to the transformation process of operations include: a) Labour, capital, management, and material. b) Product design, materials planning, production planning, and product distribution. c) Strategic planning, marketing, engineering, and purchasing d) Steel, plastics, fibres, food crops, or other raw materials. 29. Some characteristics of services that differentiate them from goods (manufactured products) are: a) intangible, immediate consumption, high customer contact b) inventory, immediate consumption, options available c) delayed consumption, intangible, customer contact d) immediate consumption, options available, inventory 30. The concept of value-added means a) the customer must add value to a product by paying for it b) machines add value to the production process because of their low cost c) only service operations add value for the customer d) outputs of a process are worth more to customers than the sum of inputs 31. Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) differs from a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) in that: a) CIM usually includes one or more FMSs as components. b) An FMS does not use computers at all. c) CIM is only one component of an FMS. d) CIM is concerned only with data while FMS involves production processes. 32. A company is planning to produce a product that will compete in a high-volume market that is very price-competitive. What type of process would be most appropriate? a) project b) job shop c) batch d) continuous 33. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a product layout? a) standard product. b) high volume production. c) same sequence of operations for each unit. d) each order may require a unique sequence of operations. 34. The desired production rate for an assembly line is 120 units-per hour. What would be the cycle time? a) 30 seconds per unit b) 40 seconds per unit c) 0083 minutes per unit d) 2 minutes per unit 35. Which of the following is an advantage of a cellular layout? a) higher volume than an assembly line. b) greater f1exibility than a job shop. c) reduced material handling. d) use of more employees. 36. A company has a set of tasks that must be completed to assemble a product. The total time for these tasks is 96 minutes. The cycle time is 3 minutes and the company has found that 40 work stations are required to balance the line. What is the efficiency (or utilization) for this assembly line? a) 95% b) 90% c) 85% d) 80% 37. Which of the following IS NOT a use of inventory? a) Buffer against uncertainly b) Allow for large variations in production c) Decouple different processes d) Allow for smooth production 38. A retailer stocks a certain product that is sold at the rate of 10,000 units per year. Each replenishment order from the outside supplier costs $50. The price is $40 per unit and inventory carrying cost per year is 10% of unit price, how many units should be ordered each time to minimize total annual cost? a) 100 b) 250 c) 500 d) 1,000 39. Referring to the preceding problem, suppose the supplier requires that orders be placed for 2,000 units at a time. What would be the total annual variable cost of ordering and carrying inventory? a) $ 2,000 b) $ 2,500 c) $ 4,250 d) $ 8,000 40. A certain item is subject to quantity discounts as shown below: Quantity Price 1 – 49 50 – 999 1000 or more Purchased Per Unit $ 2.50 $ 2.00 $ 1.80 If 1,000 units are used per year and it costs $450 to place an order due to high shipping costs, how many should be ordered at a time to minimize variable costs if carrying cost per unit per year is 50% of unit value? a) 1000 b) 500 c) 100 d) 50 41. A company has 100 inventory items with total annual dollar usage of $3,000,000. Which of the following is most likely a C Inventory Item based on ABC analysis? a) b) c) d) Part # 1078 2365 1287 7864 Annual $ Usage $500,000 $250,000 $52,000 $1,000 42. A company manufactures repair parts. These parts are used at the rate of 5,000 units per year. It costs $100 every time more are produced. The cost of holding these parts in inventory is 20% of unit price, which is $25 per unit. The parts can be produced at the rate of 6,250 per year. How many units should be produced at a time to minimize total annual cost? a) 500 b) 1000 c) 1500 d) 2000

Free Essays on Elizabeth Barrett Browing

Elizabeth Barrett Borrowing's personal life in her Poetry Elizabeth Barrett Browning is a great poet who has had a hard life. Barrett Browning was born in 1806 and was the oldest of twelve children. Her mother died, in 1828, when Barrett Browning was 16 years old, so that left her father to raise the children. Her father was over protective and did not want any of his children to marry. At the age of 15, Barrett Browning had a back injury and became very sick, and this kept her room bound for many years. During this time Barrett Browning started writing poems, and became the famous poet that we know today. One day, in 1844, she received a letter from another poet Robert Browning, about her poetry. At this time Barrett Browning was in her forty’s, and has been in her room for years, but she did respond. They continued writing back and forth, and eventually the letters lead into a meeting, and the two fell in love. And without Mr. Barrettes consent the two married. Sonnets for the Portuguese is a set of 44 famous love poems written by Barrett Browning about Robert. Many poems in this collection question the love he has for her, and the love that she has for him. They answer the questions of why or even how can one love the other. This love that she is experiencing is one that she has never felt before. Each poem shows how the relationship that these two lovers had developed. Each sonnet is fourteen lines and written in iambic pentameter. There are eight lines in each sonnet where Barrett Browning poses a question, and then the next six lines resolve her question. The rhyme scheme for these lines is abba, for the first eight, and then cde or cdc, for the next six. Sonnets XLIII is the first poem where she says I love you, and we see this in the first line â€Å"How do I love thee? Let me count the way... Free Essays on Elizabeth Barrett Browing Free Essays on Elizabeth Barrett Browing Elizabeth Barrett Borrowing's personal life in her Poetry Elizabeth Barrett Browning is a great poet who has had a hard life. Barrett Browning was born in 1806 and was the oldest of twelve children. Her mother died, in 1828, when Barrett Browning was 16 years old, so that left her father to raise the children. Her father was over protective and did not want any of his children to marry. At the age of 15, Barrett Browning had a back injury and became very sick, and this kept her room bound for many years. During this time Barrett Browning started writing poems, and became the famous poet that we know today. One day, in 1844, she received a letter from another poet Robert Browning, about her poetry. At this time Barrett Browning was in her forty’s, and has been in her room for years, but she did respond. They continued writing back and forth, and eventually the letters lead into a meeting, and the two fell in love. And without Mr. Barrettes consent the two married. Sonnets for the Portuguese is a set of 44 famous love poems written by Barrett Browning about Robert. Many poems in this collection question the love he has for her, and the love that she has for him. They answer the questions of why or even how can one love the other. This love that she is experiencing is one that she has never felt before. Each poem shows how the relationship that these two lovers had developed. Each sonnet is fourteen lines and written in iambic pentameter. There are eight lines in each sonnet where Barrett Browning poses a question, and then the next six lines resolve her question. The rhyme scheme for these lines is abba, for the first eight, and then cde or cdc, for the next six. Sonnets XLIII is the first poem where she says I love you, and we see this in the first line â€Å"How do I love thee? Let me count the way...

The Top 7 Conservative States in the U.S.

The Top 7 Conservative States in the U.S. While there are plenty of red and red-leaning states in the U.S., a few are known for being especially conservative, including Tennessee, Louisiana, Wyoming, South Dakota, and Texas. These states share many similarities: low taxes, low unemployment rates, limited business regulations, and right-to-work legislation (which bans union security agreements, thereby weakening the power of unions). Each state also has a history of conservative leadership and a culture that reflects traditional conservative values. Key Takeaways: The Most Conservative States The most conservative states in the U.S. are known for their low tax rates and limited business regulations. Other hallmarks of conservative states include low union membership, limited gun laws, and high religious participation. In Wyoming, 59 percent of residents identify as Republican or Republican-leaning, making the state (by this metric) the most conservative in the U.S. Tennessee Nina Dietzel/Getty Images Tennessee has no state income tax and some of the lowest property taxes in the nation. The state offsets these low taxes with higher sales taxes, and as a result, a significant percentage of Tennessees taxes are actually paid by nonresidents. Memphis, Nashville, and Knoxville are all popular tourist areas that help bring in out-of-state dollars. Tennessee is also a right-to-work state, and as of 2018, only 5.7 percent of its workers are members of a union. The state is known for its conservative culture, with 42 percent of residents identifying as conservative (the national average is 36 percent) and 49 percent identifying as very religious. Louisiana Kylie McLaughlin/Getty Images The Pelican State has low personal income taxes and sales taxes, making it a popular state for small business owners. Like Tennessee, Louisiana is a right-to-work state with low union membership. As of 2018, the state unemployment rate was 4.7 percent, slightly higher than the national average. Louisiana has been a popular state for conservative initiatives such as education reform and business deregulation. Politically, the state leans to the right, with 45 percent of residents identifying as conservative and only 17 percent identifying as liberal. Louisiana also has very limited gun laws; it allows open carry without a permit and does not require handguns or long guns to be registered with the state. Wyoming grandriver/Getty Images By polling alone, Wyoming is the most conservative state in the nation, with 59 percent of residents identifying as Republican or Republican-leaning. Like other conservative states, it has very low tax rates across the board, and close to 70 percent of Wyomings revenue comes from nonresidents through sales taxes. The states economy is driven by oil and natural gas production, and the people consistently elect staunch conservatives to send to Washington. (One of the states current representatives, John Barrasso, is considered one of the most conservative in the Senate.) Conservatives also love this state is because of the popularity of hunting- a $300 million industry that brings in plenty of out-of-state dollars. Low population density is also a draw for conservatives who prefer rural culture. South Dakota    South Dakota has no state income taxes or inheritance taxes, giving it the lowest per capita state tax rate in the country. The sales tax rate is only 4.5 percent. Electorally, the state has been moving to the right over the last few decades. In 2004, conservative John Thune upset Democratic Minority Leader Tom Daschle, taking one of the states Senate seats. Thune won reelection in 2010 and 2016. Very few of the states residents identify as liberal- only 16 percent- while 41 percent identify as conservative. State politics are largely controlled by Republicans, and South Dakota has not elected a Democrat as governor since 1974. Business regulations in the state are very limited; in 2012, South Dakota ranked second on the Tax Foundations list of the most business-friendly states. Texas    Like the other states on this list, Texas is known as a business-friendly environment (it gets a Top 10 ranking from the Tax Foundation). A large part of the economy is devoted to oil and natural gas production, which has increased under the states conservative leadership. Of the residents, 42 percent identify as conservative and only 18 percent as liberal. Texas has not voted for a Democrat for president since 1976 when Jimmy Carter won a narrow victory over Gerald Ford. In 2012, voters in the state delivered a big win for conservatism in the U.S. Senate by propelling Ted Cruz- a champion of government deregulation and a flat tax- to an easy victory. Texas has also produced such conservative leaders as George W. Bush, Phil Gramm, and Rick Perry. North Dakota   RiverNorthPhotography/Getty Images Like its neighbor to the south, North Dakota has relatively low taxes, and the Tax Foundation rates the state as the 20th most business friendly. North Dakota has been very conservative since its inception when businessman John Miller was elected governor in 1889. The Republican Party has dominated the states politics for more than half a century; the last Democratic governor was George A. Sinner, who served from 1985 to 1992. Residents are overwhelmingly conservative. According to a 2017 Gallup report, only Wyoming is more right-leaning. Mississippi Geoff Eccles/Getty Images Mississippi is known for its deeply religious, conservative culture. Polling shows that conservative views, including opposition to same-sex marriage, are even more common here than in other parts of the Deep South. Political opposition to social welfare has driven the state to cut entitlement programs such as Medicaid and food stamps; nevertheless, the state is one of the top recipients of federal aid. Mississippians are highly religious, with 74 percent of residents describing their faith as very important and another 15 percent as somewhat important. About half of residents attend religious services at least once a week, and three-quarters report that they pray daily. Since 1976, when the state voted for Jimmy Carter, Mississippi has not chosen a Democrat for president.

Select an organisation in the U.K. and critically assess the Essay

Select an organisation in the U.K. and critically assess the operational methods and strategies adopted to provide satisfactory products (or services) to custom - Essay Example The Department which I was involved in was the procurement department. The Purpose of this department was to ensure that there were adequate products in the store to fulfil customer requirements at that time. The role of the procurement section was to act as an intermediary between the process of selling and suppliers who dealt with the store. This department has to ascertain that there was back up stock in case there were any eventualities that occurred in the supply chain. Besides this, it also has to guard against overstocking. This is because of the fact that too much of a certain item could cause losses to the organisation. Their function contributes to customer satisfaction because the department ensures that customers get what they want whenever they want. (Tesco, 2007) The organisation has two categories of customers' i.e. external customers and internal customers. Slack et al (2007) describes internal customers as those who are found within the organisation. These are the various sections in the organisation that deal with the department under consideration. This comes from the concept of treating other parts of the organisation as separate entities or organisations. This means that the organisation ought to communicate effectively with its internal customers to maximise productivity. Some of the internal customers which the procurement section of Tesco has to deal include; accounting department, supplying department, personnel department, financial department. These internal customers will be examined in detail below; Marketing as an internal customer is one of the most crucial departments in Tesco. Their main objective is to promote and increase sales for Tesco. Basically, they are supposed to attract customers and come up with strategies that will keep them coming back. The marketing section expected four things from output in the organisation The numbers of products or services present are sufficient to satisfy consumer's demands i.e. should not be below optimum That products are available on time and customers do not have to wait for long periods of time before they can access them The type of products displayed is of reasonable quality i.e. they are in good condition The way products are displayed is attractive for consumers If the operation section of Tesco can fulfil all the above requirements, then marketers can coordinate between promotions and service delivery. (Ruffian et al 2000) It is quite essential for marketers to advertise only hat the Company can deliver otherwise their tasks will be rendered ineffective. The next internal customer with reference to output is the personnel section. This department deals with the coordination of human resource with the main aim of ensuring that all people in the organisation perform to their maximum level. This will therefore lead to achievement of the organisation's goals and objectives. The personnel section expects that output is sufficient in terms of quality and quantity. Their function is to ensure that everyone is performing and this also applies to the output section. (Tesco, 2007) The financial department or accounting section is another area that depends on the output sectio

German Car Makers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

German Car Makers - Essay Example Main focus is to sell the cheap cars as basic rides since the major car market in the emerging market comprises of middle class society. But this low cost cars are not getting popular only in emerging world but even in premium market they are getting enough market. This has been the cause of worry for the big car maker like Toyota. Now even Toyota trying to come up with budget car to get hold of emerging market. Apart from budget car market premium car market is moving towards sensible motoring. German car makers have positioned themselves in the wrong sides of both these budget and premium car markets. This is the external environment in which Daimler Chrysler operates. Key factors and trends in this environment can be identified by using Porter’s five forces model. Here, world car market is divided into cheap and cheerful market and premium market depending on the nature of the demand of the customers. So buyers bargaining power is the key. Chrysler’s sales are not rising because today buyers have different options, each of which is equally good. Although there has been rapid improvement in terms of design and production lines, Chrysler still doesn’t have enough competitive product line as compared to its rivals. Customers have more bargaining power because they have better options from other car makers. Competition among the car makers are intense in nature as every company is coming up with new inventions, new strategies to establish those inventions. Chrysler has to come up with new better product lines in terms of technology, features and design to stay ahead of the competition. Suppliers have more bargaining power because there is more number of substitutes as all the big players are coming up with their new inventions to grab the emerging market. Suppliers are more powerful when the company is not financially sound.  This is exactly the situation in case of Chrysler as it is struggling both in terms of financial condition and product lines. Company has failed to come up with new product lines, keeping the pace with market trend.